TOEFL iBT Diagnostic

Page 2 of 5

Question 3

"Although the exact function of the Anasazi kivas—subterranean circular rooms found in ancestral Puebloan cliff dwellings—remains a subject of debate, the presence of central fire pits and sipapus (small holes in the floor representing the portal through which ancestors emerged) strongly indicates they served as ceremonial and religious centers rather than mere storage or living spaces."

What can be inferred from the passage about the Anasazi kivas?

A) They were primarily used to store agricultural surplus. B) Their architectural design suggests a spiritual or ritualistic purpose. C) They were built above ground to allow for central fire pits. D) Their exact function is completely understood by modern archaeologists.

Question 4

"The rapid expansion of the Roman Empire was facilitated not only by its formidable military prowess but also by its unparalleled engineering achievements, most notably the extensive network of roads that connected disparate provinces."

Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the passage?

A) The Roman Empire's military was largely responsible for building the extensive network of roads across the provinces. B) Engineering achievements, particularly road building, were just as important as military strength in enabling the Roman Empire to grow. C) The provinces of the Roman Empire were disparate and disconnected until the military built new roads. D) The rapid expansion of the Roman Empire was primarily due to its formidable military, despite poor engineering.

TOEFL Expert Tip: Sentence Simplification

In the TOEFL Reading section, "Sentence Simplification" questions ask you to choose the option that best expresses the essential information of a highlighted sentence. Incorrect choices often change the original relationship between ideas (e.g., claiming A caused B instead of A being equal to B) or leave out a crucial piece of information.

Next Page: Questions 5 & 6

TOEFL iBT Diagnostic

What can be inferred from the passage about the Anasazi kivas?

Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the passage?

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